GAS POWER (PLTG)

Central Gas Plant (plant) is an electric power generator that uses equipment / gas turbine engine as a generator propulsion. The gas turbine is designed and built with a simple working principle of the heat generated from the combustion process of the fuel is converted into mechanical energy and then converted into electricity or other energy as needed. The deficiencies of the corrosive nature of the gas turbine is used in the materials for turbine components, because they have to work at elevated temperatures and the presence of chemicals corrosive fuel oil (sulfur, vanadium, etc.), but their development, increasing knowledge of material things started can be reduced, but not eliminated overall. With a low level of efficiency it is one of the shortcomings well and a gas turbine to improve efficiency of development can be adjusted / set temperature cycle operates by using a material which is capable of working at temperatures of turbine High and also to enhance efficiency by combining turbine power gas turbines and steam is commonly called a combined cycle.

PRINCIPLE OF WORK GAS Power Center (PLTG)

Central Gas Plant (Plant) has some major equipment, such as:

1. Gas Turbine (gas turbine).
2. Compressor (Compressor).
3. Chamber of fuel (combustion chamber).

The principle of operation of a power plant based on the Brayton cycle as in the diagram (p, V and T, s) below:

Initially, the air from the compressor to atmospheric pressure, wherein the temperature and pressure rise, and this process is generally referred to as the compression process in which most of the resulting air is used as combustion air, and partly used for cooling of gas turbine components. Inside the engine most of the combustion air will be mixed with the fuel injected and is triggered spark plug produce combustion process gas for generation of heat (thermal energy) with temperature and pressure

high, the heat generated is then used to rotate the turbine blades, where the turbine blades moving and stationary hot gas temperature and pressure decreased and this process is commonly referred to as the expansion process.

Furthermore, the mechanical energy generated by the turbine is used to turn a generator to produce electricity.

There are various types of work from the gas turbine cycle as follows:

Gas turbine open cycle (open cycle).
As in the work process in gas turbines, where the gas expands in the turbine hot gas will produce the (combustion gas) above the temperature is still very high and some pressure above atmospheric pressure, and then the former gas is removed or discharged to the outside air, which indicated as shown below.

Closed-cycle gas turbine (closed loop).
As in the work process in gas turbines, where the gas expands in the turbine hot gas will produce the (combustion gas) above the temperature is still very high and some pressure above atmospheric pressure, and then Gas is supplied into the first heat exchanger (heat rejection) medium to be cooled using cooling water or air until the temperature drops and flowed back to the input side (suction) of the compressor to be compressed Again, as shown in the figure below.

Gas turbine of open cycle equipped with a regenerator.
As in the two gas turbines during the work process, wherein the hot gas expands in the turbine will produce the gas (combustion gas) above the temperature is still very high and some pressure above atmospheric pressure, and after ex gas (combustion gases) flows to heat exchanger known as the regenerator, wherein the first gas is used to heat the air out of the compressor before being used as combustion air in the combustion chamber (chamber combustion), as shown in the figure below.



Gas turbine open cycle equipped with intercooler, regenerator and reboiler.


In both compressors and gas turbine cycle, each consisting of two (2) separate parts and generally referred to as low-pressure compressor and the high pressure compressor and a gas turbine low pressure and high pressure gas turbine. The flow of air and gases can be described as follows, atmospheric air first at low pressure compressor to be compressed, resulting from the flow of compressed air within the heat exchanger for cooling to the temperature and humidity, as well as producing the desired pressure cooling means using water or another cooling medium, from which the air is discharged into the high pressure compressor for compressed again for the production of a high temperature and pressure, with a density higher. High pressure compressor outlet air is channeled into the regenerator to achieve a higher temperature that is intended to facilitate the combustion process by means of gas heater former / exhaust (combustion gas) that uses the results of the first gas turbine low pressure. Furthermore, the regenerating air outlet flowed into the main combustion chamber (primary combustion chamber) that results from the combustion process and the resulting hot gas is used to rotate the high pressure turbine, the hot expanding gases of the turbine high pressure gas used is a (flue gas) flowed into the second combustion chamber (secondary combustion chamber) and commonly referred to as the side of the gas chamber is used reheater prior to combustion air which is capable of producing more hot gas is used to rotate a turbine and low pressure, the above cycle, as shown in the following figure.

Of the three last cycle gas turbine along a joint is intended to produce a power plant gas central (middle) with the expected level of efficiency is higher than the gas turbine cycle opened.

As for the power plant carrier gas is used several tools (auxiliaries) to assist in the cycle gas turbine goes well, such as:

1. Lubricating system (lubricating oil).
2. The fuel system (fuel system).
3. The cooling system (cooling system).
4. Air control systems (control system).
5. Hydraulic systems (hydraulic system).
6. Compressed air system (water pressure).
7. System of nebulization air (air atomising).