Power ransmisi

Plants usually located far from residential areas in order to meet the energy needs of the community in need of a long cable network. With limited capacity, there are two ways plihan transmits electricity from power plants to residential areas.

Firstly, power transmission is made through a large electric current (that is, low voltage). This method requires a cable with a cross section sufficiently large to minimize the resistance (increase the conductor cross-sectional area, lower resistance). However, the mileage is very necessary to use it in kebel too long. In this case, the electrical resistance of the cable to be large (the more conductive, greater resistance). This means that the loss of power (P = I2R) has also become very large. This option becomes uneconomical, took a great long cables and power loss large.
A second option, which is the transmission of energy from high voltage is considered more economical. With the high voltage (ie, the small electric current), the wire need not be very large but very long. Then, the second option is associated with a small electrical current and lower resistance in comparison with the use of high voltage, and not less important is the energy losses are relatively small.
Distribution of electricity power plant at a distance requires a transformer, or step up (voltage penaik) and step-down (decrease voltage). The voltage of the power station before being transmitted (about 10 kV) are usually raised first to use a step transformer (up to about 150 kV). Furthermore, the power transmission is done with high voltage. For the distribution of power to the residential population within safe levels, is designed to decrease the voltage electricity substation view a certain value (e.g., 10 kV). In the next transmission, the voltage is reduced to the poles around the settlement of 220 V for direct distribution to the consumer of electricity.